TOPS-2

Test of Problem Solving 2: Adolescent

Purpose: Assesses critical thinking based on students’ language strategies using logic and experiences

Format: Paper and pencil

Time: 40 minutes

DETAILS:

Use the TOPS-2: Adolescent to determine how to help teens with language impairments related to the process of thinking, for whom making good decisions and solving problems appropriately may be difficult tasks.

  • Focuses on the following cognitive processes: understanding/comprehension, analysis, interpretation, self-regulation, evaluation, explanation, inference, insight, decision-making, intent/purpose, problem-solving, and acknowledgment.

  • Uses a natural context of problem-solving situations related to adolescent experiences: Making Inferences, Determining Solutions, Problem-Solving, Interpreting Perspectives, and Transferring Insights.

  • Test items are presented verbally with the printed stimulus from the Reading Passages Book visible to students.

  • The Examiner's Manual contains a Discussion of Performance section, which merges test results with remediation strategies.

  • Item pool (N = 526) and standardization (N = 1,051) studies represent the U.S. Census for race, gender, age, and educational placement. An additional 138 individuals with language disorders were included in the validity studies.

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